Executive Report
High-level summary for non-technical stakeholders, including risks and mitigation strategies.
Security Assessment Report: "TakeOver" System
Purpose of the Report
This report provides an executive-level overview of the findings from the security assessment of the Takeover machine, focusing on weaknesses in subdomain management and SSL certificate exposure.
Executive Summary
Manual subdomain discovery led to exposure of sensitive internal resources.
SSL certificate misconfiguration revealed hidden subdomains.
No need for authentication or privilege escalation to access sensitive data.
Immediate risk to confidentiality due to information disclosure.
Impact
Unauthorized users could discover and access internal sites containing sensitive information, posing risks to the organization's security posture and brand reputation.
Key Recommendations
Regularly audit SSL/TLS certificates to ensure they do not expose internal or sensitive subdomains.
Implement strict access controls for all internal-facing subdomains.
Monitor and validate DNS records and subdomain management processes.
Methodology
Modify DNS resolution to access target domains locally.
Perform active service enumeration on open ports.
Conduct subdomain discovery through SSL certificate analysis.
Access discovered resources to validate potential exposures.
Detailed Findings
Port Scanning and Service Discovery: Identified SSH and HTTPS services running on the server.
Logical Subdomain Discovery: Guessed the existence of a
supportsubdomain based on contextual website hints.SSL Certificate Analysis: Found an additional subdomain (
internal-support.futurevera.thm) listed in the certificate.Access to Internal Resource: Reached an internal site exposing sensitive information without authentication.
Recommendations
Short-Term Actions
Remove or secure all unnecessary subdomains immediately.
Reissue SSL certificates excluding sensitive or internal-only subdomains.
Long-Term Actions
Implement automated monitoring tools to detect exposed subdomains.
Enforce strict policies around certificate management and subdomain naming conventions.
Conclusion
The Takeover assessment highlights how small oversights in SSL configuration and subdomain exposure can lead to significant security breaches. Proactive auditing and access controls are essential to protect sensitive internal resources and maintain organizational security integrity.
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